The history of ancient India. Harppan Culture Research Paper

The history of ancient India. Harppan Culture - Research Paper Example But excavations at Harappa and Mohanjo-Daro changed the complete viewpoint and old beliefs. Starting with the finding of Harappa, almost thousand conclusions with comparable characters have been exposed. Scholars named it ‘Indus valley civilization’ (Around the Indus in 90 Slides par. 1). Indus valley civilization developed at two centers-Harappa and Mohanjodaro. Harappa is in Montgomery district of the Punjab (now in Pakistan). Mohanjodaro is in Larkana district of Sind (now in Pakistan). Mohanjodaro means ‘the mount of the dead’. The distance between these two centers is 650 Kms. According to the famous archeologist Sir John Marshall, Harappan civilization is about 5000 years old. The town planning and material life of the Harappan culture were really great. Archeologist like â€Å"Mortimer Wheeler and Stuart Piggot believed that the Harappan towns had a remarkable unity of conception† (Unit 6: Material Characteristics 21). Each town was divided int o two parts. In one part, the citadel indicated where the rulers lived. In the other part of the town, the ruled, and the poor lived. â€Å"The most ancient paw marks of human actions in India go back to the Paleolithic Age, around between 400,000 and 200,000 B.C.

Gender Role and Sexuality Essay Example for Free

Gender Role and Sexuality Essay I can fortunately and happily say that I personally have not experienced unequal treatment in regards to my chosen career, educational path or previously held jobs. What I do still see currently being stereotyped are gender roles and the way they are allowed or not allowed to sexually express themselves in the public eye. From my experience it is more acceptable for men to compose music about sex, be in main stream media selling sex, have successful careers in sex, and everyday unequal expectations in dating, sex and relationships. Men have more sexual freedom in the world today. Men are encouraged and in most cases applauded on the discussion of how many partners they have had in the past and the specifics of each experience, yet woman are still expected to hide their sex from the world in fear of ridicule and isolation. In our society today woman who are overly sexual or dress in form fitting clothes or lack thereof are automatically stereotyped as the promiscuous type. Why the double standard? I don’t agree at all with displaying private sexual acts to the general public to gain fame and wealth and in by doing such corrupting children and destroying the beauty of sex but I don’t believe that we should have to hide that women are as much sexual beings equally as men. I feel religion and culture play major roles in the history of sexual repression of woman. Even dating back to the Puritan who believed that anything resulting in pleasure was a sin, women’s freedom to express their sexuality has been suppressed in fear of domination because we are just as powerful as men. Growing up in a strict catholic home I was always taught to act like a lady in public. Exactly what was meant by that I wasn’t fully sure but I knew its underlying symbolism was repressing my sexuality. I wasn’t allowed to wear spaghetti straps, mid drift shirts, shorts above my knees, or make up till I was 18 years old. Sex was not spoken of in my household at all, and if it happened to be seen in a movie or on television I was instructed to cover my eyes because sex was forbidden. Being a sexy woman was seen as vulgar. If I had male friends I could not talk on the phone with them or play outside of school with them without a parent or chaperone. On that contrary my younger brother was encouraged to dress well, wear cologne and have many female friends. It was a symbol of popularity. In my father’s Hispanic culture the young men were pampered and treated as kings with double standards. The women were there to serve them. We are not allowed to be sexy or let alone discuss sex in anyway shape or form. As an adult now I can understand why I completely rebelled against the stereotypes created by my religion and culture. It’s not fair to make women feel less than human than men. We are sexual creatures who share the same desires and needs. I now embrace my sexuality. I’m not afraid to be who I am, and say how I feel. Being a single mother in society today puts me in another stereotype as well. Having a child out of wedlock is still looked down upon, and more so with the mother. We are labeled as â€Å"promiscuous†, â€Å"unholy†, and â€Å"irresponsible†, but to me I loved a man for 8 years and wanted to create a life with him. Unfortunately the abuse I endured was too great to allow after the child was born, so I chose to leave. On the other hand the single father is praised and labeled as â€Å"hard working†, and â€Å"honorable†. In news and media woman are portrayed as sex objects in order to entice society. It draws women in because they either want to be like them or look like them and it draws men in because they love the visual stimulation. Sexuality is used as a shock value for ratings. Are sexy woman who love their bodies and the way it makes them feel really that shocking? Instead of conditioning our young woman to hide their sexuality we should be teaching them healthy ways to explore and express their human desires of sexuality in a safe, healthy way.

Situational Analysis Of International Marketing Environment Marketing Essay

Situational Analysis Of International Marketing Environment Marketing Essay There can be many reasons for wanting to be internationalized like saturation in the home market, the desire of export your product and catch new type of customers in new markets, little opportunity to growth in the own countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ HM wanted to get a strong brand and arrive to the best cities and establish their shops. They are looking always for the best cities and places to build their shops in order to get more and more customers all over the world. When they decided to internationalized, their wish was to become in a great famous brand, and finally they got it, because as I said, it is a well-known company situate in 47 different countries which is also planning to build new shops in more different ones. (See appendix2) Target Market HMs primary target market is based on consumer both men and women between 18-34 years old. In order to satisfy the target customer, they produce good design clothes with good quality and all that in very cheap prices, so that, the customers of HM are very satisfied with it because it offers them everything they want. (See appendix 3) Market Selection Criteria (Keegan, W., J. and Schlegelmilch, B., B., 2001) When a company wants to be internationalised in a new country it must answered this question so as to know exactly where to establish their brand: (See appendix 4) Which market is the best? Philippines Portugal As it can be seen in this two graphics, without a shadow of doubt it can be said that the most secure country to enter in is Portugal. First of all, although this graphics not shows the complete reason, it is the main reason for choosing Portugal. As it can be seen, in Philippines the corruption is really high, the government is not as competent as in Portugal, the infrastructure is not as prepare as in Portugal to be able to build storesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Finally, making the positive and negative points of each country, it is clear that Portugal is the best option not only because of these results, but also because the geographic location of the country. (Global Competitiveness Report, 2012-2013) (See appendix 5) Portugal OPPORTUNITIES THREATS POLITICAL Parliamentary representative democratic republic ECONOMIC High income mix economy The financial crisis ECOLOGCAL Many land hectares Ecology conservation Laws TECHNOLOGICAL Pioneer of technology The financial crisis FASHION INDUSTRY Growth in the industry The financial crisis LEGAL REGULATORY Control competition Not allowed aggressive competition (Technology Portugal, 2009) (Economy of Portugal, Wikipedia, 2012) (Politics of Portugal, Wikipedia, 2012) (See appendix 6) Competitors (See appendix 7) Indirect Competitors HM does not have many Indirect Competitors in the sector, however, it is one that is strong and that it is gaining presence in the online shopping: (See appendix 8) HM ASOS Direct Competitors As everywhere nowadays, in Portugal also there are many fashion retailers that are establishing their shops in many cities so as to get more benefits and became much more international. In the case of HM, it would have many competitors, and the main one it would be Inditex. (Retail Index, 2012) (See appendix 9,10,11,12) HM vs. Inditex The major competitor of HM is Inditex, this table shows what main differences are between them: Outsourcing of Core Activities Group Model Competitive advantage Segmentation Communication No own factories 80% is produced in Asia Cheaper Major margins 39,7% of cost upon sales Need to create collection well in advanced Single chain Major margins in the short run Collaborations with Luxury brands, singersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Own industries 40% is produced in Europe Major flexibility Major ability for growth 44,3% of cost upon sales New collection every 2 weeks Different Chains Major dynamism and growth in the long run Collaborations with new designers, actorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Moda Rapida, 2012) Customers in Portugal In all countries the customer do not have the same purchasing habits, how are the shopping habits of Portuguese young consumers? Factors that influence in clothing purchasing At the time of purchasing clothes, young consumer In Portugal prefers not to have anybody behind them asking all the time if they need any help, that is, they prefer to go to big stores and have a look for everything and then if they need any help ask to a staff although they think that are really impersonal places. They prefer to be free, they want to be comfort when they are shopping. Shopping Behaviour and the influence of others Portuguese young consumers prefer to go shopping alone for many different reasons: More freedom of movements: They like to go alone as they dont need to be all the time calling to the other person come here, go there and so on. More independence in choice: Young consumers do not like to be influenced by anyone; they like to buy things without any other opinion, if they like it they would buy it without having anybody prejudicing them. Individual decision: As it is individual decision, nobody would be saying anything bad about the clothes. Purchasing choice criteria What customers are looking for at the time of buying clothes? They based their purchase in some factors that finally are the ones that makes someone to take the decision of buying one thing or another. Low Price Comfort Good Design Good Quality Brand Name Does not have any influence in purchasing criteria as nowadays almost all brands are equal. (Information sources and clothing,2012) (See appendix 13) Perceptual Map Low Quality High Price High Quality Low Price INDITEX CORTEFIEL MODALFA CA HM PRIMARK MANGO GAP In order to create the perceptual map, I use my perception about the fashion brands in the world, that is, I collocated each of the company in the position that I perceive. As it can be seen, in the same square we can find HM and Inditex, but for my point of view, although the price of Inditex is more expensive, the quality is much better so that its positioning is greater than HMs one. Apart from this, it can be said that for young people, Cortefiel and Mango are so equal in the quality and in the price, besides this, GAPs and CAs quality is very high, that is, the price and the quality of their clothes are equated. Finally, as for the brands with the lowest quality, although their low price is so attractive for punctual occasions, customers prefer to buy in companies that offer them a major quality. Recommendation I really recommend HM to go to Portugal as it can offer many advantages to HM starting with its geographical location. Although the financial crisis is affecting many consumer, as HM has very low prices Portugal can be a very viable market as young people would be able to get fashion clothes with their low income and as nowadays the physical aspect is gaining importance, HM would find a very good opportunity in Portugal. (About HM, 2012) Appendices Appendix: HM 1980/90 Stores open in Germany and Netherlands. Stores open in France, and the use of celebrities to the advertisements 1947 1977 1976 1974 1968 1964 1952 Sales of cosmetic started. First store opened outside Scandinavia, In London. Listed on the Stockholms Stock Exchange Hennes buy the fish store Mauritz Widforss, and the name is changed to Hennes and Mauritz. First store opened in a foreign country, in Norway. Hennes open in Stockholm First store open in Và ¤steras (Sweedem), with the name of Hennes 2012 Plan to open Bulgaria, Latvia, Malasya, Mexico and Thailand. 2011 HM open in Romania, Croacia and Singapore. 2010 First stores open in Soth korea and Turky. Monki goes to Asia, HM home open in Sweden. 2009 First store open in Russia and in Beijing. HM home is launched, Weekday and Monki open in Germany 2008 First store open in Tokyo. Adquisition of Weekday, Monki and Cheap Monday brands. 2007 First Asian store open in Hong Kong and in Shanghai. Expansion of online sales. COS stores launched. 2006 Major expansion of online and catalogue sales 2004 Initiates designer collaborations with luxury brands 2000 Stores open in US, Spain and in many European countries. HMs presence all over the world HM world map.   Ã‚   300+ stores   Ã‚   200+ stores   Ã‚   100+ stores   Ã‚   50+ stores   Ã‚   20+ stores   Ã‚   10+ stores   Ã‚   1+ stores   Ã‚   Upcoming stores (HHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HM_world_map.svgHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HM_world_map.svgM world map, Wikipedia, 2012) HM Group HM, as Inditex, is completed by many different brands, that is, HM is a group that is composed by some different brands: HM: It produces a broad and diverse range of fashion for men, women, youth and children, furthermore, it also sales cosmetic, accessories and products for home. COS It offers customers a combination of timelessness and distinctive trends, for both women and men. Monki: It is a very creative brand that offers to the customer the opportunity to express itself. Weekday: It offers urban fashion for men and women always at the best price. Cheap Monday: Cheap Monday combines influences from street fashion and subcultures with a catwalk vibe. HMs expansion strategy HM is so conscious at the time of opening new stores in other countries, that is, it thinks that the stores should make much stronger the brand and attract customer giving them the best shopping experience as possible. When HM is moving to a new country, so as to see if it would be profitable or not to enter in, it analyses the political, economic, demographic, and infrastructural environment. It creates very modern stores in all countries that it establishes its business so as to offer a great shopping time to the customer. Furthermore, it is working in making its stores much more ecological so as to save the world and do not damage it. HM is looking for a great expansion in the future; it is planning to open many new stores in many different countries, so as to create a very strong brand. HM SWOT analyses Strengths Brand recognition: Low Price and style: It has presence in al over the world and people know it because of the fashionable clothes that sale in a very cheap price Operational efficiency: As it has a great control in the logistic area, it is able to have low cost and maintain really good margins. Opportunities Untapped potential in emerging markets: As the lifestyle is changing everywhere, people are much more aware of its physical aspects, so that, the fashion is gaining presence. Internet retailing: The fashion industry is increasing every day, and nowadays with the help of internet they can growth in an incredible manner, it gave them a great opportunity to growth. Weaknesses Reliance on outsourcing: The reliance of Inditex products put HM in critical situation as Inditex appeals much more to customers. Modest presence in emerging markets: It a well-known brand in the whole world, but the major presence is only in Europe and in North America. Threats Non-food expansion of grocery retailers: Many supermarkets like Tesco, are thinking in competing in the clothe industry with HM. Fast fashion becoming more competitive: Its major competitor is Inditex, that also does fast fashion, but new competitors also are appearing very strong (Ryerson, 2009) Vertical Integration HM has a vertical integration strategy in which was pioneer establishing it some years ago. Due to this strategy, the company is now able to collect information about the sales and customers and use it in order to make a better strategy always so as to get more profits for the future and catch much more customer. (Europa.eu,2012) LCCP, GCCP or FCCP? In the case of HM, it can be said that this company is GCCP( Global Culture Cultural Positioning), as they are a multinational that says to the customer that is part of the global family. Although they need to adapt maybe their strategy in each of different country, they sale their brand as a global company; actually all their products are the same in all countries, they offer the same products for the customers of different places, Being the part of the global family is the message that they are selling to the customers mind. (HM, 2012) Appendix: Internationalization Motives There are 2 kinds of motives that prompt the companies to internationalised, Proactive and Reactive motives. In the case of HM there are some points inside those factors that do not have any sense, so only the main points are going to be explained. Proactive Motives Profit and growth goals All companies want to growth, and so as to get it, the best option is to go abroad and establish their brand in new countries. This is one of the main reason why the companies want to internationalized, in order to become bigger and be well known in the whole work. Managerial urge It is a motivation that the managers of the business have; their motivation is to be part of a company that works all over the world. Foreign market opportunities/market information HM could see many opportunities to growth in foreign markets as is a company that have great presence all over the world. However, it is not established in all countries, so if it wants to become a bigger brand, it should observe what opportunities offered each country and see if it is profitable or not. Economies of scale-learning curve Being internationalized, offers HM the advantage of the economies of scale as it could produce high amount of clothes at the same time with very low costs. (Hollensen, S., 2007) Reactive Motives Competitive pressure HM could be scared for example of the competitive pressure of Inditex as it has a great strategy that helps it to continue in the top level. If the company see that other brands are growing all over the world and are gaining customers and getting profits, the not internationalised company also would want to get all that. So for that reason, HM would like to enter in more and more countries so as to be a great company. Domestic market: small and saturated HM was created in Sweden many years ago, but as the market was becoming so small to compete there, it decided to enter in new countries so as to growth its presence. Extend sales of seasonal products As maybe the demand in the home country is not very big and it does not give the opportunity for the company to get the desire profits, they would find new opportunities to get what they want in foreign countries. (Hollensen, S., 2007) Appendix: How to choose the target market? Targeting is the action of evaluating and comparing the different groups of consumers and chooses which is the most suitable for the company. Companies have to base their research in 3 points: Current segment and the growth: It will be enough profitable to the company to centre only in that segment? Competitive intensity and potential competition: If that segment has a great competition, it is suitable to enter in? Compatibility and feasibility: If that segment give problems to the companies, could another company catch them? (Keegan, W.J. and Schlegelmilch, B.B., 2001) When HM creates its brand he had surely been thinking about these points at the time of creating its designs. When the companies are creating their collections they must be thinking on the target market as they are the wanted customers and they should create those clothes appeals to them. Appendix: Market selection Criteria Market Potential Here the company should analyse if the market satisfied completely the customer and also if the customers has the necessary ability to purchase the product that the old retailers offer them. (International market selection, 2004) Market Size: The companies need to observe how much of the market it can expect they could afford. Market growth: They have to observe how much have grown this sector in that country during all the years so as to know if they would find an increase or a decrease in the industry. Competitive Intensity: The Company have to make a great research relating with the competitors of the industry in that country so as to know in what position they are and how strong are the competitors. Entry Barrier: In all countries are entry barriers to foreign companies so as to protect the future of the home country industries. They should make many deals so as to finally get into a new market. Political Environment The government of a country affects a lot the business life because of the changing policies, regulations and laws. Furthermore, the government of each of the country is who choose which businesses will receive protection and which is going to face an open competition. Furthermore, the political stability of a country will affect the action that government will take, and finally that actions will have many influences in an enterprise. (Sirkeci, I. and Cawley, R., 2012) Economic Environment Nowadays the economy has change radically, due to that factor, all countries are now potential targets for every company. When a company has to make research in global marketing, the economy dimension of the world is crucial as it has great influence in this point. (Keegan, W.J., Schelegelmilch, B.B., 2001) Demographic Structure The company should observe how has change the demographic in the objective country so as to control the evolution of the Target customer. Purchasing Power It has to know how is the purchasing power of the objective customer so as to know if they are going to get benefits or loses in that country. Infrastructure The retailers need to observe if the infrastructure of the country is good or not in order to build factories and stores in that country. The country must have strong infrastructure so as to build powerful companies, strong social, economic, aerialà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦infrastructure. Appendix: Philippines and Portugal So as to choose the most appropriate country to enter in, many things must be analysed as it can be seen in the paper. However, not only those shown points are important, there many other things like the GDP, unemployment rate, population, innovationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ that should be take into account when an enterprise want to be opened in that country. Philippines Population: 93,6millions GDB per capita: 2,007$ Infraestructure: 3,1 Macroeconomic environment: 5 Goods market efficiency: 4,1 Having a look to these different score between 1-7, it is clear that Portugal is much more secure country to establish their company. Although the most relevant dates had been explained before in the pages, these are also very important at the time of choosing the country to enter in. So finally, Portugal is the country that will be analysed for the report. Labor market efficiency: 3,9 Financial market development: 4 Technological readiness: 4,6 Portugal Population: 10,7 millions GDP per capita: 21,559$ Infraestructure: 5,5 Macroeconomic environment: 4,2 Goods market efficiency: 4,3 Labor market efficiency: 3,8 Financial market development: 4 Technological readiness: 5,3 (The Global Competitiveness report, 2012-2013) Appendix: Portugal Political Environment Portugal has a constitutional republic and a parliamentary system in which a semi presidential regime is established. The prime minister is elected every four years and is the person who led the government, furthermore, the president of the government is elected every five years. (Doing business in Portugal, 2012) Economic Environment There can find many industries that have established their main company in Portugal, for example, in the case of Inditex, it has one factory there, as the production is cheaper than in Spain. But although been a developed and high income country, it has the lowest GDP in Western Europe, and besides, the population has the lowest purchasing power of the European Union. (Economic of Portugal, Wikipedia, 2012) Regulatory Environment The Law 18/2003 In Portugal is create to maintain a competitive economy, not to have an unfair competitive and so heavy one. The law prohibited the company to make agreements that would affect the competition between economic agents in national territory. In addition to this, the companies are not allowed to make a very aggressive competition so as not to affect the sector in that country. (Doing business in Portugal, 2012) Fashion industry Nowadays the textile industry in Portugal represents just under the 10% of outputs. The situation in Portugal is not the best, but the companies that are surviving are having great profits, so people are seen as an optimist market. Many different brands produce their clothes in Portugal like Fred Perry, Inditex, Paul Smith because the process is not as expensive as in other European countries, , however, although the industry is surviving, all the companies has suffered losses during the financial crisis. Every type of industry are suffering now due to the 2008 financial crisis, in many countries many companies closed their factories, nevertheless, the textile industry in Portugal is growing up again ,so slowly, but is growing. Every brand are getting now profits, so for HM it could be a great opportunity as the industry is having good results nowadays. Besides, it must be said that HMs strategy is very similar to Inditex ones, its clothes are so cheap and finally a country that is s uffering a lot because of the crisis , population wants to have the opportunity to buy cheap fashionable clothes. Inditex is having great results in the country, so as HM prices are cheaper, why it would not get many profits? Portugal as I said, can offer HM many great advantages. (UK reuters, 2012) Barriers to enter in country There many barriers in all countries for different companies that want to establish their brand there are (Hollensen, S., 2007): General Market Risks The main barriers are the great competitiveness that HM could find in Portugal, the different culture and language, because the Swedish and Portuguese people are so different at the time of working and also the language is totally different. In addition to this, it is no easy to find a new distributor in a foreign country, they should make alliances an all of that work so as to get a great position, and finally, it must be said that it is a very difficult work to adapt all the company for that new culture and make a great company overseas. Commercial Risks Although Portugal is in Europe too, there are always delays in the delivering of the export products or some damages in them. Beside this, there are always changes in rates and that could have a great influence in the cost of a company. Political Risks This subject is a little bit special; companies have to take caution as politics have great influences in all countries. HM have to take into account how is the law of the exports in Portugal, what type of restrictions have impose the government, the thoughts of the citizensà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Opportunities of entering in the Portugal Investing in Portugal it would give companies many advantages for many different reasons (Doing business in Portugal, 2012): Strategic access to market Due to the Portugal economic openness and also because of its strategic geographical position it can offer great opportunities to different companies between EU and also different markets. As it has relations with Brazil and is near Africa, it offers great advantages so as to make exports and imports. Cost competitive, qualified and flexible workforce The Portuguese employers are known for having great attitudes at the time of adapting their self to new technologies, strategies and so on. Excellent environment to live and work It is a country that offers the companies very secure areas and ensure the security for their production, and so on as it is very pacific place. Infrastructure As during the last year Portugal has made great investment so as to modernizing its communication infrastructures, it is great country to establish a company as it can be adapted very easily to the new technologies that the company will bring with it. Appendix: Competitors Threats of New entrance Rivalry among existing competitors Threat of Substitute products or services Bargaining power of buyers Bargaining power of suppliers (Keegan, W.J. and Schlegelmilch, B.B., 2001) Market 5 forces Referring to HM, although it is a great company, its major competitor is doing everything much better than it does. HM it would be the new entrance in that country and of course all those competitors like Inditex, Cortefiel and so on, would be threat of it as they would need to fight with one more company. However, knowing that new entrance, those companies may start making much more deals with the suppliers so as to have the ability to offer better products and service to their customers and not lose them. Finally, HM has a great positive factor to the consumers that could be a great advantage to its competitors. It makes many alliances with famous designers like Versace, Moschinoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in order to create new collection that are attractive to young consumers as they feel with higher status. Inditex should be worry about that as luxury brands are so attractive to consumers, but if it continuous doing a hard work it will be as everywhere the winner of the sector also in Portu gal. Appendix: ASOS ASOS is an online beauty store that provides the customer many products of different brands in very cheap prices. That is, the consumer can buy in the same website clothes from many different brands like Adidas, Armani, Topshopà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ it sales hundreds of brands, thats why it became so attractive to the customer, because it can find in the same place clothes from everywhere. ASOS was created firstly in United Kingdom in 2000, but them while it was gaining presence in whole Britain; it started going abroad and gaining presence in many countries of Europe. After that, the market of US was prepared to ASOS arrival as everyone wants to have the opportunity to buy many brands product in the same place. (ASOS, 2012) Appendix: MOFALDA Modalfa is a Portuguese fashion brand that offer the customer very fashionable clothes in a cheap prices. In Portugal, as I explained before, it is a great competitor for HM as it offers the customer similar opportunities as HM does. (Modalfa, 2012) Appendix: CORTEFIEL Cortefiel is the first brand created by Cortefiel group in 1946, which offer the customer an elegant and comfortable style with very high quality. With this personal style, Spanish brand has open its road for many countries and it is very strong competitor for many other companies. Its target customer is based on men and women between 35-45 years, and although HM is addressed to young people, finally all type of consumers are important for every company. (Cortefiel, 2012) Appendix: CA CA is a fashion company that has presence in 20 different countries of Europe. People have a very good perception about CA, it offers 10000 different products in all the countries, and although its high prices, the products have very high quality, the clothes lasts for years so people do not mind to pay more for those clothes. (CA, 2012) Appendix: Inditex The Inditex group is the most powerful competitor of HM. Inditex has many different brands inside, that are very famous and makes it the more and more strong everyday: ZARA: Zara has presence in 85 countries and it has opened 1671 stores in the best places of the cities. For Zara there is no any limit, they want to be in all the countries of the world in the future, and due to its great strategy it can get it as it is opening new stores every day. Pull Bear: It was create in 1991 especially for young people as it has very juvenile style. Is it one of the most profitable brand in terms of Urban clothes as every young people go there to get urban style clothes. Massimo Dutti: It has 567 stores spread in 53 different countries. It offers Urban and casual styles both for men and women, its target market is based on men and women adults, thats why the growth of the prices and the change in the style comparing with other brands. Bershka: It was launched in 1998 and nowadays it has 839 stores in 63 different countries, and as it is known, it appeals basically to the young target market. Stradivarius: It produces clothes, accessories, shoesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and its clothes are combination of elegant and hippie clothes that appeal a lot for young people. Oysho: Oysho sells the latest fashion trends in womens lingerie and intimate apparel Zara Home: It is specialised in home decoration and linen things that attract so much to women because of it reasonable prices. Uterqà ¼e: It is the newest brand of Inditex and it is the most expensive brand of the group. (Inditex group, 2012) Zara is the most powerful brand of the group, is the main competitor of HM alone as I said. In the above image appear where Zara has its stores. (Zara targetmap, 2012) Appendix: Customers The culture in which the consumers have been grew up have many influences in the p

Musical Theatre Essay -- essays research papers

Girl Crazy (#14)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The musical â€Å"Girl Crazy† was about a boy named Danny Churchill who lived in New York. His dad was worried about his way with women so he sent him to Custerville, AZ to get him away from them. Danny was to live on the family dude ranch called â€Å"The Buzzards.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On his way to AZ, Danny rode in a taxi. The driver’s name was Gieber Goldfarb. He was known for his very bad Yiddish jokes. He eventually fell in love with a woman named Patsy West, who was also a nosey telephone operator.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After Danny gets to Custerville, he meets the post-girl named Molly Grey. He was in love with her, although he had just left his old girlfriend in New York. Her name was Tess Hardy. Danny had stolen Tess away from her old boyfriend; his name was Sam Mason. Sam was very upset at this, so when he heard of Danny’s whereabouts, he came to take Molly from him. It worked for a little while, until Molly realized she should be with Danny.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were also two people named Slick and Kate Fothergill. Slick managed the gambling room at â€Å"The Buzzards† that Danny opened to make the place somewhat of a party house. Kate was a nightclub singer that sang in Danny’s club.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were two other people in the story that made it interesting and comical. Their names were Lank and Pete. They were the town villains and local thugs. At the end, these boys end up in jail. Holly Conant Of Thee I Sing (#16)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the musical â€Å"Of Thee I Sing,† there were many characters. The lead was probably John P. Wintergreen. It is a story of Wintergreen running for president and all the mishaps he had with women. There were a few people on his political committee. Their names were Louis Lippman, Francis X. Gilhooley, Sen. Robert Lyons, Sen. Carver Jones, and Matthew Arnold Fulton, the chairman of the committee. Alexander Throttlebottom was the vice-president.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story was about a national beauty contest and the winner got to be the first lady. Just before the winner was announced, John met a girl named Mary Turner. Mary was the secretary for the beauty contest. The two immediately fell in love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The winner of the contest was Diana Devereaux. After the winner was announced, ... ...II, Scene IV, there is a lot of prayer and singing, trying to drown out the sound of the wind and storm. Clara is very scared for Jake. All of the sudden, they hear a knock at the door and it’s Crown. Bess and Porgy had thought he had died in the storm. He come in and starts saying bad things about God. He tells Bess that she will be with him forever.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bess sees Jakes boat outside the window. Clara gives her baby to Bess and runs to Jake. Crown, after being challenged, goes after Clara.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This began Act III. It was in the setting of a funeral. It was being held for Jake, Clara, and Crown. But Crown isn’t dead! Porgy knows this and hides so he can attack him and kill him. He does eventually, after a long struggle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The detectives take Porgy in (in Scene II) to identify Crown’s body. While he is gone, Sporting Life offers himself to Bess (as well as his drugs). When Porgy comes back, a week later, he was rich from playing dice in jail. He looks all over for Bess, only to find that she had taken Sporting Life up on his offer and she’s in New York. Porgy vows that he will find her†¦and the story ends. Musical Theatre Essay -- essays research papers Girl Crazy (#14)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The musical â€Å"Girl Crazy† was about a boy named Danny Churchill who lived in New York. His dad was worried about his way with women so he sent him to Custerville, AZ to get him away from them. Danny was to live on the family dude ranch called â€Å"The Buzzards.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On his way to AZ, Danny rode in a taxi. The driver’s name was Gieber Goldfarb. He was known for his very bad Yiddish jokes. He eventually fell in love with a woman named Patsy West, who was also a nosey telephone operator.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After Danny gets to Custerville, he meets the post-girl named Molly Grey. He was in love with her, although he had just left his old girlfriend in New York. Her name was Tess Hardy. Danny had stolen Tess away from her old boyfriend; his name was Sam Mason. Sam was very upset at this, so when he heard of Danny’s whereabouts, he came to take Molly from him. It worked for a little while, until Molly realized she should be with Danny.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were also two people named Slick and Kate Fothergill. Slick managed the gambling room at â€Å"The Buzzards† that Danny opened to make the place somewhat of a party house. Kate was a nightclub singer that sang in Danny’s club.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were two other people in the story that made it interesting and comical. Their names were Lank and Pete. They were the town villains and local thugs. At the end, these boys end up in jail. Holly Conant Of Thee I Sing (#16)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the musical â€Å"Of Thee I Sing,† there were many characters. The lead was probably John P. Wintergreen. It is a story of Wintergreen running for president and all the mishaps he had with women. There were a few people on his political committee. Their names were Louis Lippman, Francis X. Gilhooley, Sen. Robert Lyons, Sen. Carver Jones, and Matthew Arnold Fulton, the chairman of the committee. Alexander Throttlebottom was the vice-president.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story was about a national beauty contest and the winner got to be the first lady. Just before the winner was announced, John met a girl named Mary Turner. Mary was the secretary for the beauty contest. The two immediately fell in love.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The winner of the contest was Diana Devereaux. After the winner was announced, ... ...II, Scene IV, there is a lot of prayer and singing, trying to drown out the sound of the wind and storm. Clara is very scared for Jake. All of the sudden, they hear a knock at the door and it’s Crown. Bess and Porgy had thought he had died in the storm. He come in and starts saying bad things about God. He tells Bess that she will be with him forever.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bess sees Jakes boat outside the window. Clara gives her baby to Bess and runs to Jake. Crown, after being challenged, goes after Clara.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This began Act III. It was in the setting of a funeral. It was being held for Jake, Clara, and Crown. But Crown isn’t dead! Porgy knows this and hides so he can attack him and kill him. He does eventually, after a long struggle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The detectives take Porgy in (in Scene II) to identify Crown’s body. While he is gone, Sporting Life offers himself to Bess (as well as his drugs). When Porgy comes back, a week later, he was rich from playing dice in jail. He looks all over for Bess, only to find that she had taken Sporting Life up on his offer and she’s in New York. Porgy vows that he will find her†¦and the story ends.

Digging to America Book written by Anne Tyler

Pulitzer Prize winner, Anne Tyler has brought a fictional group of characters to real life in her 17th novel, Digging to America. Bonding two vastly different families on a chance meeting at an airport, ones all-American the other Iranian immigrants, she assimilates present US culture with a strong emphasis on friendship, parenting, traditions and accents it with a tender romance. I would consider Maryam Yaszdan to be Tyler’s, central character, who after being in America for almost 40 years, still feels like a foreigner.During the six-year span that these families’ lives intertwine, Maryam’s view of this plight resonates throughout inflicting bits of conflict and resentment. Friday, August 15, l997, a Balitmore airport, two separate groups anxiously gathered, unknowingly, for the same plane to arrive, for the same reason; to pick up their baby girls adopted from the same country, Korea.. Observing their ethnic differences, we see an American family entourage equ ipped with buttons that read â€Å"MOM,† â€Å"DAD. â€Å" â€Å"GANDMA,â€Å" and â€Å"GRANDPA† (â€Å"twice over†); silvery balloons printed with â€Å" IT’S A GIRL!†; half a dozen video cameras, car seat, skirted bassinet and enough bubbling enthusiasm to be on the borderline of obnoxiousness.The other family, in a single line of three; a young couple, â€Å" foreign-looking, olive-skinned,† (7) and an older woman, quietly awaited, no adoption flair, focused solely on the arrival of their new baby. First to depart from the plan an Asian woman calling for the Donaldsons. She introduces the family to Jin-Ho; flashbulbs, cameras, a crowd of people to welcome the newborn.. Another Asian woman steps off, calling for the Yazdan’s; â€Å"Congratulations, this is Sooki,† she said.(7) As the women were completing the transfers, someone asked â€Å"Is yours from Korea too? † (8) That answer started a lasting friendship and an improbable journey for two mismatched families. Bitsy and Brad Donaldson were a typical American family. I know these sounds like a 50’s sitcom, but that was my impression. They lived in white clapboard Colonial on a narrow street in Mount Washington. Bitsy was plain, extroverted and very opinionated, especially when it came to child rearing. She was adamant about her way being the right way.Brad was a good provider, his mild temperament made him the perfect peacekeeper, smoothing out impending disagreements when their large family visited. Having a baby would complete the picture, and Jin Ho did just that along with mixing up the way an all-American family looks. It was curious to me that this â€Å"typical American,† family insisted on not changing the baby’s name, keeping her squared off haircut and dressing her in Korean costumes. I can understand them wanting her to know about her birth country and its culture, but I felt it was to an extreme.My conclus ion was relevant, Jin Ho did resent not feeling as American as her friends when she got older. Maybe, Bitsy’s way was not always the right way, after all. Ziba and Sami Yazdan was Iranian-American. They met in college where Sami studied to be a teacher like his father, who died when he was 14 years old. After they were married, Sami started to work for a real estate developer, in spite of his mother, Maryam’s silent disapproval, and made it his career. The couple moved into his company’s newest development , a large, beautiful home in a Hunt Valley.Ziba was glamorous, bordering on more of a flashy appearance, she enjoyed her job as an interior decorator. Sami was a serious type and had indifference toward Iran and America. He would go into a litany of â€Å"these Americans†¦. ,† (80) when his relatives would visit. The list covered such issues as American’s obsession with logic and that it’s the reason â€Å"they’re always suing each other,† (81) America’s belief that they’re an interest to the whole world, they’re immediate directness to open up to people, and my personal favorite, they’re â€Å"do-your-own-thing kind of culture.†(82)Even with this attitude, Sami refused to speak Farsi, as his relatives did frequently, and conversed only in English. During these tirades , Maryam, would be outraged, at Sami, reminding him sternly â€Å"American born, American raised, never been anywhere else: how can you say these things? You’re American yourself! † (82) She would continue with the constraints of living in Iran having to be cautious of every word you spoke, having to keep every opinion to yourself and the need to always be aware of who may be listening. Maryam would end with the always-useful adage, â€Å"You take it for granted, is the problem.† (83)In complete contrast to Sami’s anti-American comments, he and Ziba were determined to hav e the American dream realized for Sooki. , and unlike the Donaldson’s, they immediately changed her name to Susan. The Yazdan-Donaldson’s relationship began with Bitsy and one of many family gatherings. She phoned the only â€Å"Yazdan’s† in the phone book, to invite them to a â€Å"leaf raking party. † Bitsy told Maryam, who was babysitting Susan, that she wanted the girls to know each other, she felt it was important for them to maintain their cultural heritage.They accepted the invitation, which included Maryam, since both sets of Jin Ho’s grandparents, would also be there. Ziba was a little insecure, besides the babies ,she didn’t have much in common since the Donaldson’s were much older, Maryam going would lighten the event, and give her support. Leaf raking party was just that, everyone raked leaves. The usual â€Å"my baby this and my baby that† banter commenced and at times made Ziba questioned her mothering capa bilities. Was she doing everything wrong?Jin Ho was already eating food, Susan was still on the bottle. Should she be wearing more black and white clothes like Bitsy, because babies didn’t see in color? Moreover, the biggest controversy should she be a stay at home mom. Maryam interrupted, seeing Ziba’s frustration, saying how much she looked forward to her couple of days watching Susan, but Bitsy’s disapproval still showed.. Bitsy and Brad’s parents arrived and then the â€Å"grandparent baby banter† began.After the raking, supper was served. Bitsy said â€Å"We certainly love your cuisine,†Ã‚  this opened a conversation about Iran. Pat, Brad’s mother asked if they had any trouble during the Iranian hostage crisis, Ziba said she was already in America then everyone glanced at Maryam, â€Å"Oh, perhaps a little,† (29) she reluctantly said, steering the talk back to a safe subject, â€Å"the girls. † After that night, the two families got together often, although Maryam politely declined, when invited. Ziba and Sami celebrated the Iranian New Year with her parents, so Maryam stopped having a formal celebration, except for this spring.Ziba wanted the Donaldson’s to be a part of they’re tradition so she persuaded Maryam to have the celebration at her house Normally Maryam would be willing, but her thoughts were rattling with â€Å"Why should they have to put on these ethnic demonstrations? Let the Donaldson’s go to the Smithsonian for that! † â€Å" Let them read the National Geographic! † Just thoughts, she never would say them aloud, and agreed to the party. A few weeks before the party, Sami took Maryam to Rockville for exotic ingredients to make the traditional Iranian dishes.She told him â€Å"When I first came to this country, your grandmother had to mail most of my spices from Iran. †(37) Maryam was 19 years old going to America for an arranged marriage to Kiyan. She had met him in Iran, but he went to America earlier to start his job as a teacher, they married via telephone and grew to love each other very much. In those days, all their couple friends were Iranian, in the same situation. She wondered where all those people were now, moved to other cities, political differences separated them, â€Å"Who supported the Shah? Who did not?† (37) and since Kiyan’s death she felt she didn’t belong â€Å"in that two-by-two circle. †(37)Maryam, perhaps because she was widowed for so long, became more critical, having to pay close attention to her mannerisms around people. She tended to come of as refined and unapproachable, when she was really kind and loving. Working in an office at a the day care center, Susan would eventually attend, she had many single friends, both Iranian and American, She had an active social life, but she built the toughest invisible wall around her heart, never letting any man go beyon d it. At least not until, Bitsy’s father, Dave.On the one-year anniversary of the day the girls arrived, Bitsy wanted to have an â€Å"Arrival Party,â€Å"(56) she named it to celebrate the event. Similar to a birthday party, with a Korean desert, cake and candles, and the showing of the video taken at the airport. Brad was concerned it would be too much for Bitsy, since her mother had a set back with her cancer but this was just the diversion she needed. The day quickly came and the first to arrive were Ziba’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. Hakimi, very exotic, they entered in a very respectful manner. Next to arrive Bitsy and Brad’s family, then the Yardans.Susan was in a pretty party dress and Jin Ho in a full Korean costume. The girls played together unaware of any differences between them or their families. Childhood simplicity, if we all could remain in that frame of mind, how pleasant the world would be. Bitsy had a specific line up starting with a theme song, S he’ll Be Coming Round the Mountain , sung by the guests, as the girls blew out the candles, on their Stars and Stripes cake, then the video Bitsy apologized that it was just of Jin Ho and if they had known Susan would be coming they would have taped her too. †Oh, that’s okay,† Ziba said. â€Å"I have the memory  my head. † (67)As the video went on and on and on†¦Bitsy suddenly cried â€Å"We did get her in! We did! † (73) Susan was there. The Arrival Party would be an annual event, alternating houses. This celebration would be the foundation of the Zardan and Donaldson’s relationship and the development of Jin Ho and Susan’s friendship. It would also bring two lonely people, both mourning the loss of they’re true loves, Maryam and Dave, together. The following year the Yazdan’s threw the bash, with a few extra people, Ziba had relatives visiting from Iran and Bitsy’s two brothers and they’re fam ilies attended.The only missing people were Brad’s parents, who went on a cruise and Connie, Bitsy’s mom who passed away. Maryam gave Dave some advice on coping with his loss and fears that accompany the sadness. Arrival Party number two was underway; song, cake and video to mark another year. Brad and Bitsy also announced they would be adopting another baby girl from China . It was the Donaldson’s turn the 3rd year and it was starting to be a competition, at least for Bitsy, who felt the Yazdan’s had â€Å"changed the rules,† (111) by serving a full dinner instead of just deserts. In full project mode, she planned her diner, canapà ©s and all.The Arrival Party came fast and went smoothly, Maryam and Dave’s small talk was lighter, most of the time, and a bit flirty. Dave did talk about how hard it was watching Connie die, he felt guilty at times that he didn’t have more patience with her towards the end. Maryam understood, as no one could, she watched her husband die the same way. Their friendship deepened. Song time came, cake and video. Sami and Ziba bought a larger home, just three blocks from the Donaldsons. Maryam was watching Susan when Dave called and asked if he could bring Jin Ho over to play. She agreed.He wanted to stay, instead of just dropping her off. He had a cup of coffee and Maryam continued her cooking, suddenly insisting he didn’t have to stay, she would bring Jin Ho home. He left bewildered. Maryam felt him getting through her invisible wall and sealed it quickly. She went to Vermont to visit a friend, avoiding Dave or probably avoiding having feelings for him. When she returned home she visited Bitsy to thank her for taking care of Susan while she was away. Bitsy chose this time to champion on her fathers behalf, â€Å" My father thinks you’re wonderful, she said.Would you go out to dinner with him? † (151) Maryam subconsciously knew he felt this way but, she kept telli ng herself her he was just a widower needing company. She diverted the subject, which she has a knack of doing. Arrival Party time again, Yazdan’s turn and there thinking of serving â€Å"a whole roast lamb. †(153) The celebration was starting to be more like â€Å"I can do better than you,† than about the girls. Maryam was helping with the arrangements and Ziba babbled about Dave, this time Maryam spoke up, â€Å"I’m Iranian; he’s American . . .†(154) â€Å"What difference does that make? †(154) Ziba asked.Maryam talked about her friend Farah and what a point her American husband makes about her foreignness. â€Å"It seems she’s not really Farah at all; she’s Madame Iran. †(154) Ziba insisted Dave wasn’t like that, but Maryam still felt like a foreigner after over 40 years and to be with an American would make her feel it even stronger. The Arrival Party came, same chitchat, festivities and a farewell for Bitsy and Brad heading off to China. Dave took every opportunity, while watching Jin Ho to visit Maryam.And by the time the Donaldson’s came home with Xiu Mei, Dave had sneaked inside Maryam’s protective shield and they were dating. The Yazdan’s threw the next Arrival Party because Xiu Mei had been sickly, in and out of hospitals. The event was slightly different; the girls joined in the singing and the video went basically unobserved. The next event was more energetic, the annual leaf-raking party. Dave had Maryam sit in a chair and instructed the girls to sprinkle sugar on her head, â€Å"Maryam, Dave said. â€Å"Will you marry me? â€Å"(208) Instead of answering, she looked at the girls to see what they put on her head.It should have been cone-shaped to go with the Iranian custom and it should have been grown women holding the sugar to symbolize their happy marriages. He probably thought he was doing something good, but she felt it should of been done exa ctly as it’s suppose to be done, or not at all. As these thoughts filled her head she said, â€Å"Yes. † (208) Everyone cheered. The next day Maryam went to Sami and Ziba’s and told them she only said yes because she was embarrassed not too. â€Å"He is so American,† (213) â€Å"I don’t have my own separate self.†(213)She felt bad and hoped it wouldn’t affect they’re friendship with the Donaldson’s. A year went by before she bumped into Dave again, he was picking up Jin Ho the same time she was picking up Susan at dancing school. They did they’re little small talk dance, except he told her Bitsy had cancer. She felt his pain and knew all the memories of Connie must have come rushing back. When she returned home, she wrote Bitsy a note and offered asked if she could be of any help. Maryam was now noticing how lonely she was the past year. How alive she felt with Dave, doing couple things.Maybe the feelings she had were stronger than she realized and the ones about feeling like a foreigner were not as important. One morning, Bitsy called to thank her for the note, they got caught up and both said how much they missed each other. Bitsy asked if she would attend the Arrival Party coming up. Maryam said she would think about it, but didn’t want anyone to feel awkward. Pondering to go or not, Maryam something Kiyan once said came to mind, â€Å"I don’t know why truly good people always make me sad. † (263) She decided she would go and helped Ziba with the details. The party started and everyone was there, except for Maryam.When Ziba looked in the dinning room all the Donaldson’s had left, she was devastated so Sami called his mother. She answered, not understanding Sami’s tone, but said she fully intended on going she just overslept. He told her the Donaldson’s left and it was safe for her to go over. She insisted she had all intentions of being there. Mar yam then heard Bitsy outside her window, people kept yelling and knocking, she didn’t answer. Finally, she looked out the window and saw all the Donaldson’s walking toward their cars. Maryam called, â€Å"Wait for me! † (277) The two families would celebrate, yet another Arrival Party!The imprint of these families, meeting by chance; growing in love and friendship by choice, depicts that no matter what culture or mixture of cultures, come together; what really constitutes a bond is the right choice. In making that choice taking into consideration the respect of others beliefs, opinions, insecurities and strengthens. The Donaldson’s and Yardan’s, American and Iranian families brought two other cultures into their circle; two little girls from Korea and one from China. When you put all these pieces together, what would they’re families culture be? I say they’re culture is acceptance.

Concise overview of the motivation theory, based Essays

Concise overview of the motivation theory, based Essays Concise overview of the motivation theory, based Essay Concise overview of the motivation theory, based Essay Concise overview of the motive theory, based on findings in the literature and on the PP presentation The inquiry on how to outdo motivate people is one that has been posed since the origin of labour and likely earlier. Yet clip and clip once more society has shown that strictly fiscal incentives are non ever the most effectual. Companies normally start with basic premises about what motivates persons, yet find when those are placed in existent pattern that they are either straight on point or that they bring about a consequence that was non an intended or even expected result. Companies seek to actuate people so that they accomplish assorted ends or aims, even thought studies and experiments have shown it non to be the instance, a batch of directors believe that strictly fiscal inducements are the best manner to acquire people to give their best attempt. Another common premise is that behavior is a map of its effect, hence if you want more of some behaviour, like difficult work, so that behaviour demands to be reinforced’ [ 1 ] This support frequently comes from fiscal inducements. The concluding premise is that people will do determinations based on whether or non they will obtain a certain result by doing that determination. Again, directors frequently take this premise and presume that people will work harder if offered more money in exchange for it. Three theories of Motivation[ 2 ] The truth is that there are three ways to that fiscal inducements operate in the work topographic point. The first is to actuate. Motivation is the usual sought after consequence of fiscal inducements by directors and for the most portion fiscal inducements will provide employees with motive. However, there are cases where the mechanics of a company –i.e. its regulations and ordinances will do a dislocation between the inducement and the motive. In order for motive to work decently there must be efficient systems in topographic point, there must be adequate information so that people can make their occupation good, and employees must hold sufficient accomplishment sets to really be able to better on their public presentation. None of the above will be of any consequence if increased public presentation is non in the power of those that are having the fiscal inducements. If an single can’t control the public presentation that the fiscal inducements are based upon he/she in bend can non command the reception of the fiscal inducements and have no true inducement to execute any better at their peculiar occupation. This in bend strains feelings of defeat, unhappiness and dismay due to the deficiency of control over their fiscal chances. In short feeling helpless is non a incentive. Information is besides a powerful incentive. The manner fiscal inducements are set up in a company send signals to employees on what is genuinely of import to direction and this in bend is what becomes genuinely of import to the employees. [ 3 ] If a company policy indicates a located value on one facet of the company but fiscal inducements show that existent value is placed on another facet of the company, employees will normally follow the fiscal inducement value. In apparent terms- employees will look at the company’s wage system to garner information on what truly affairs to senior leading. The concluding major type of incentive is based on public presentation wage alternatively of merely incentive pay- a drama on the endurance of the fittest theory. What public presentation wage does is weed out those employees who are non as motivated or skilled as their fellow employees. If wage is based on public presentation so those that are willing to travel above and beyond will boom, and those that merely want to keep the position quo will fall between the cracks- or happen another topographic point to work. Premises and Flaws within the Theories[ 4 ] There are flaws built-in in each system and these defects will do the above systems to neglect dependent upon other fortunes. When the systems fail, when people are non decently motivated in the work topographic point, it can hold the consequence of stagnated work attempt, high turnover, and diminish company public presentation. A defect that is found in the fiscal inducements theory, as a whole is that people are motivated more by money that other factors. Surveies show that people feel that other people are more motivated by money than they themselves are. Meaning upper direction of a company may misestimate what employees need for motive and presume that it is strictly fiscal when in world it could be something wholly different. Surveies besides show that fiscal wagess systematically rank behind feelings of ego worth, being appreciated, and belief in importance of work to call a few. This ill-conceived position of the importance of fiscal incentives can do upper direction to do dearly-won erroneous determinations in respects how much accent is placed on types of workplace incentives. Another defect is failure to account for the implicit in signals that execution of fiscal inducements will convey approximately or to recognize that sometimes an inducement can be merely the airing of information throughout the company of patterns that could assist the company as a whole. Since most employees are entirely motivated by money it follows that employees can be motivated by merely allowing them cognize who certain behaviours will assist the company as a whole-increasing persons feeling’s of self worth- in short- what you do every twenty-four hours maters to everyone and affects us as a whole. If a company’s fiscal inducement system signals to employee’s that gross revenues are the impulsive factor and non needfully client service, by honoring gross revenues but supplying no inducement for return gross revenues or client satisfaction evaluations so employees will let their client service to dawdle every bit long as it doesn’t have a direct consequence on gross revenues. This might non be the what the company intended to carry through by its inducement system, but was what employees read the company’s inducement system to intend. In short it is of import to see inducements with the company’s overall conventional to do certain that signals that are sent correlative with what the company is seeking to accomplish within the systems that are already runing within. Motivation of the incorrect behaviour is a defect that occurs when the work flow procedure isn’t taken into consideration in the execution of the inducement. For case, inducements that are given on single end product based on nonsubjective standards- are more effectual when an employee is entirely responsible for his output-there is no dependance on others to factor in. When there is mutuality so these types of inducements are non as effectual. It can ensue in hapless on the job dealingss due to fierce competition and infighting- that in bend have a negative consequence on a company as a whole. Most employees place an utmost sum of value on good work topographic point dealingss and a deficiency of such can antagonize any positive consequences sought by execution of the inducement. Besides incentives based entirely on end product introduce the seeds of corruptness. Employees develop a ( Pfeffer A ; Sutton, 2007 ) ( Bercovitch ) ( Turkajl, Fosic, A ; Dujak ) whatever it takes type of attitude that could take to flexing of regulations and other types of unwanted behaviour in order to run into the ends required to derive the inducement. Fiscal inducements can besides convey about a wealth of endowment that is non focused on the company’s growing or wellness but is entirely motivated by the inducements offered. This in bend sets the phase for high turnover, deficiency of ethical behaviour in higher ranks, and lowered work morale. Booming companies have employees that are at that place because they believe in something and this belief non the wage causes them to work every bit difficult or harder than employees that are merely at that place to pick up a payroll check. Describe how you use this cognition in your work and personal life. In order to happen true felicity we must foremost find what motivates us. These incentives can and normally do alter depending on our age, familial position, and calling ends and the resulting experiences. Personally it is safe to state that obtaining an instruction that is honoring yet interesting is a actuating factor that sends many to college, and was the determination behind my college calling pick. However, I found that what I thought were my programs and ends changed after I got into college, and I found myself prosecuting a higher instruction entirely for the intent of doing money or striking it large, make up ones minding that every bit long as I didn’t do something that I detested I could pull off. So your first calling stairss are determined by what motivates you – money, celebrity, calling satisfaction, or a combination of them all. But until you begin work your college calling is merely an articulated stake that you will really bask the work that you are fi xing for with your instruction. Once you begin work or even your first internship you begin the enlightening stage. This is where you really can construct a realistic position of your calling and what it will supply for you financially and otherwise. It is with the information that you gather from really working in your calling that you can find whether or non enough you will be able to keep proper motive in your workplace. For case, jurisprudence school is really different than the pattern of jurisprudence. It isn’t until a individual begins practising that they have sufficient information to procedure sing the fiscal inducements and other inducements to do a determination on whether or non they have really chosen the right calling. The choice consequence is truly a key for most of us because we are cognizant, for the most portion, about what type of atmosphere we can stand out in and what type we can non. We are of course attracted to callings that involvement us and that we feel we have particular aptitud e in. Lone persons that are shallow brands calling picks entirely for the money, and the built-in sadness that comes with those determinations follows them until adulthood catches up or until they’ve made adequate money to go out the work force. Personally all of the theories apply, my calling picks are grounded in motivation- being motivated to pay pupil loans, and to supply for myself ; they are besides grounded in information- I have taken the clip to make the research and garner the information on precisely what it is my calling offers me and hopefully with the completion of an internship will hold an even greater information base to mention to ; and eventually the choice consequence what type of work am I best suited and motivated to execute, I believe that my fight would accommodate me good whether or non pay was based on public presentation or senior status. In respects to my personal life this information can be used to confront the challenges of life caput on to cover with the alterations you encounter throughout. For case in a relationship you have to happen out what motivates the other individual to travel above and beyond to maintain the love affair alive and to go on to seek to maintain the other individual happy. Sometimes you begin a relationship and after you’ve received more information you decide that the motive to stay in the relationship is no more. The choice consequence and the information consequence semen into drama in about every determination to be made in a relationship in taking a the province to populate in, an flat, a auto, how you plan to adorn your apartment- in about every determination to be made there are factors that will actuate you to do one over the other. This is so true that in most major determinations such flats and autos, the Sellerss will offer some kind of fiscal inducement to acquire you to take one over the other. Free rent, low involvement rates, no down payments, etc. All of these are illustrations of how fiscal inducements influence all of our personal lives. In our personal lives we make determinations based on our fiscal state of affairss and how these inducements influence all of the other determinations in our lives. For case even doing the determination to acquire married to a certain grade goes with fiscal inducements. Lapp for divorce, sometimes fiscal inducements cause people to set off divorce or even informational inducements. Peoples try to remain together to cover with each other for kids, for mortgages, for a figure of grounds. Another manner fiscal incentives come to play in our personal lives is with kids. Making the determination to hold kids is one based on fiscal incentives- can you afford them, if you can how many can you afford. Once you have kids, fiscal incentives become one of the best ways to maintain them motivated. We start off on allowances, the bigger the allowance the more jobs we are willing to accept. If our allowance is based on existent public presentation so surprisingly jobs that were half done earlier are done absolutely. Good classs are another illustration of performance-based inducement. Parents carefully blend a assortment of actuating factors to maintain their children’s public presentation in school and excess curricular activities up to par. Children themselves are motivated by choice theory- in order to acquire into the best schools kids are cognizant that they have to execute at a certain degree. Some people are motivated to seek to acquire into the top schools because of the prestigiousness, calling aspirations and fiscal inducements and hence they put forth the excess attempt to acquire at that place. Others are satisfied with obtaining what they c onsider to be sufficient schooling, and still run into their ends and aims without seting themselves out or puting excess attempt. When we allow inducements to take precedence over other countries of our lives is where errors and declinations tend to happen. If we make determinations based strictly on fiscal factors without taking into history the complexness of our lives, our ideas and what we truly see to be of import, it has the same consequence that it has on corporate directors who assume that strictly fiscal inducements will work out problems- a whole new harvest of unexpected jobs arise. Independently based determinations are motivated by wholly different factors than those made by people that are mutualist. When you are individual you merely have to take into history what matters and motivates you, the lone information that affairs is what you think, feel, and how your life is affected by the determination. When you are married or in a relationship or if you are a parent your determinations must be based on your relationship with person else. You must take into consideration information that concerns them, what the consequence of your determination will be on everyone concerned. The motive and fiscal inducement theories that have such an consequence on company public presentation and end product have the same effects on our personal lives. The same booby traps that directors run across in seeking to calculate out how to actuate employees are same booby traps that we encounter in seeking to calculate out what motivates us to make things we do and how to keep that mot ive. No affair what it required test and mistake to acquire the combination right. CONCISE OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATURE OF CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATIONS Conflict direction in organisations takes on a assortment of signifiers and consequences from force, devastation, inefficiency and unreason [ 5 ] . Conflict in organisations can ensue from interaction where the parties disagree with one another in respects to thoughts, policies, values, among others ( pg 105 ) . Conflict is a consequence of a assortment of conditions including: ancestor conditions, cognitive conditions, and behavior conditions. [ 6 ] Besides, struggle is multi-dimensional although the dimensions are interrelated. The three dimensions are the struggle state of affairs, the struggle attitudes, and the struggle behaviour. [ 7 ] What is Organizational Conflict? Organizational struggle is frequently the medium of alteration, without it most organisations would stagnate, neglect to come on and efficaciously decease off. However, struggle within an organisation must be managed in order to be effectual. The two chief types of struggle within an organisation are interpersonal struggle or interdepartmental struggle. [ 8 ] When analysing struggle it is of import to first see the beginnings of the struggle. There are three chief beginnings structural struggle, which occurs between to sections of the same organisation ; function struggle, which arises between persons due to their predefined responsibilities within an organisation ; and resource struggle, which deals with different groups within an organisation viing for certain resources that are available within the organisation. [ 9 ] Within any of these three beginnings you can rest assured that certain factors will be present that influence or establish the existent struggle no affair what the s ource- deficiency of communicating, hierarchal, and personal. [ 10 ] These factors will more frequently than non play a cardinal function in the struggle and the struggle itself can normally be broken down into one or more of these factors. Personal struggle comes about where people of different backgrounds, thought forms, and ends are brought together in a on the job state of affairs and these built-in differences brings about changing point of views that are non able to be reconciled. [ 11 ] Functional struggle is merely a smaller facet of hierarchal struggle. Each organisation has an organisational chart, and that chart defines where each individual within the organisation tantrums and what their functions within the organisation are. There are times that these definitions and lines become blurry or even where persons step out of their peculiar position on the chart. When this occurs it normally brings about functional struggle. [ 12 ] . Similar to functional struggle is interdepartmental struggle ; this can be harmonizing to different sections within the same edifice, different subordinates within the same parent, or even different merchandise lines within the same industry. Page 108. No affair how the section is br oken down or defined if there are shared ends that require sections to vie for the same resources or where ends are different and yet sections are dependent on one another to run into the individualised ends, struggle will frequently originate. [ 13 ] A figure of times particularly when the sections are non housed within the same edifice factors such as deficiency of communicating and personal struggle exacerbate the interdepartmental struggle doing it to intensify beyond the norm if non cover with and viewed in an nonsubjective mode. The Procedure of Conflict Conflict besides has a procedure it merely doesn’t appear out of nowhere, there is a edifice up to the ultimate struggle and if the phases can be identified, it can assist in the ultimate direction of the struggle. [ 14 ] The first phase in struggle is the latent phase. [ 15 ] This is where the factors such as communicating, personal and structural Begin to play a polar function. Communication is normally the largest factor in this phase because about all struggle consequences ab initio from deficiency of clear communicating. However personal struggles and structural struggles create noise ( intervention ) within the communicating channel- causation state of affairss to intensify. [ 16 ] The following phase of struggle is the knowledge and personalization phase that in itself has two sub phases: a. perceptual experience of the participants in the struggle and b. saying feelings and showing consciousness of pending struggle. [ 17 ] The last phase is conflict manifestation where the parties have become hostile and are in unfastened dissension [ 18 ] Effective Conflict Management In order for the struggle that drives alteration in organisational structures/cultures to lend in a positive manner there must be effectual struggle direction. Effective direction of struggle will carry through two things: minimisation of the break of the organisation by the struggle and supplying a solution that works for all parties involved. [ 19 ] Certain demands must be in topographic point for the struggle to be resolved, these demand are normally combined in some manner. Situation demands allow for the appropriate clip to decide the struggle and the appropriate power players’ engagement so that the declaration may be reached. [ 20 ] Attitudinal demands mean that there is a certain degree of trust and assurance between the parties and both are willing to come to the tabular array to hash out a declaration [ 21 ] Perceptual demands mean that the parties do non experience the demand to win or rule the declaration and can therefore collaborate more efficaciously [ 22 ] and eventually behavioural demands where both parties are willing to freely turn to the issues and work until a solution that is acceptable to both can be reached. [ 23 ] There are 5 chief types of struggle direction manners. Each one is used to turn to a peculiar type of struggle and this depends on the factors and parties that are involved. The first is laterality – this manner is best used when the parties are non collaborating at all yet still desire precisely what they want. [ 24 ] This means that there is a definite victor also-ran, one party will hold their demands met and the other will non. [ 25 ] The following manner is Integration, this occurs with parties that are truly willing to collaborate, yet still take a firm stand on their needs/desires being met. [ 26 ] This requires originative job resolution by all parties involved and will besides normally occur when the parties have unfastened lines of communicating between them. This manner takes longer because both sides end up with demands met without holding to give up their places. The via media manner of struggle manages is where both sides have a medium degree of cooperation and are reasonably involved with acquiring their demands and desires met. [ 27 ] In order to make an understanding both sides give up something they want to make the ultimate end of struggle declaration. In the turning away manner, cooperation between the parties is low, yet so is the desire of the parties to hold their needs/wants met. [ 28 ] This manner belies that there was any existent struggle from the beginning because one of the parties merely turns a unsighted eye- there is nil to reason about here. This manner normally creates more struggle because the implicit in causes of the struggle are neer resolved and unrecorded to rise up their caput on another juncture. The last manner of struggle direction is cooperation. [ 29 ] Parties in this type of declaration are ready to collaborate and readily give up their wants/interests for the other party. [ 30 ] Once once more this sets the phase for future struggle because of a party that had adequate wants and desires to make some kind of struggle who is now giving those up for the benefit of another party. However it is of import to observe that in this manner both parties are ready to collaborate to calculate out a redress and there fore it might be that the declaration brings about a togetherness that in bend denies the return of the struggle. DESCRIBE HOW I USE THIS KNOWLEDGE IN MY WORK AND PERSONAL LIFE Everyday we are environing by struggle. There is struggle in traffic, with relationships, with colleagues, with the client service representatives at companies dealt with –almost every twenty-four hours we are pulled into struggle and must somehow figure out how to cover with it. The manner that struggle is resolved at work is wholly different than the manner the struggle would be resolved in my personal life. Because my place at work is non one of direction I don’t normally use the laterality manner of direction. If I encounter struggle at the work topographic point it normally requires the coaction manner or even the via media manner. We all work together to seek to calculate out a solution that works best for everyone involved including upper management- i.e. them non holding to acquire involved. However there are clip where the struggle requires upper direction to step in and at those times a laterality manner is used by them, the struggle is quashed there is a definite winning and losing side and the parties that lose must keep their licking in quiet entry. So when parties that have tendency to conflict cognize that it is of the type that would do upper direction to acquire involved, so sometime to avoid the engagement of direction the person will utilize the turning away technique. Now the struggle at work most frequently arises from deficiency of clear communicating or from interpersonal struggle of new inductees into the organization’s corporate civilization. These state of affairss can sometimes be resolved at the initial phases of the struggle to avoid matured struggle. The interdepartmental struggle within the organisation that I work for normally ever consequences form differing thoughts between certain cabals on the best manner to manage state of affairss that arise. Sometimes the noise between section directors escalates the struggle and if there isn’t a high degree of regard among the parties, one time once more upper direction will normally acquire involved implement their laterality and we have a victor and a also-ran. Department caputs have learned over the class of clip that this isn’t what is effectual for sections or their several employees so more frequently than non there is a scheduled clip for treatment where the determination shapers get involved and engrossed in the struggle until a declaration can be reached. Whenever the turning away technique is employed it normally consequences in that subject of struggle reappearing in one signifier or another because of the deficiency of turn toing the job by person who truly felt that a job existed. This is widely known so at least one time a one-fourth everyone is given the opportunity to portion their perceptual experiences and unsolved struggles anonymously and the full company, foremost section by section and so as whole addresses the struggle and efforts to come up with solutions that could decide the struggle in manner that meets the demands of as many people in the company as possible while still taking into consideration the demands of the company as a whole. Personal struggles are a portion of mundane life and those struggles are more adeptly handled by people when you are familiar with the manners of struggle direction are sensitive plenty to cognize when to deploy which type of manner. For case in romantic relationships the manner that you handle the struggle will depend on what the struggle revolves about. Minor struggles that result from deficiency of clear communicating are sometimes best handled by turning away. If what you stand to lose is non that great, so it is better to sometimes to non prosecute. Besides cooperation will work good in this state of affairs if what you are giving up is non that of import to you- for case who is cooking dinner. This is a little struggle yet if handled with dominance- I will non cook dinner, it could intensify into a bigger struggle and in retrospect to both parties will probably non be worth it. It is easy to see how in most personal relationships the laterality manner of struggle direction can do more harm than anything. In friendly relationships the desire to keep the relationship along with the deficiency of webs that are built-in in love affair make it easier to prosecute in coaction and via media. Conflict with your best friend is conflict that you want to decide rapidly yet expeditiously and your lovingness for that individual will let you to come in into a via media or coaction more efficaciously. Dominance normally does non come into the image here and is non effectual even if it does. Dominance conflict direction can easy convey about the terminal of a friendly relationship and for that affair the terminal of a relationship depending on the issue that that the struggle has arisen around. Yet as parents, the laterality type of struggle direction is frequently employed due to the fact that there is a higher cognition base for parents than with kids, and for the safety of the kid, losing is frequently a world of struggle with the parents. In minor issues such as choi ce of apparels and other affairs that don’t contain the potency for injury the coaction and/or via media manner are highly effectual for making a happy medium for all involved. It is rare that parents will utilize the turning away technique with kids, and this is a consequence once more of the kineticss of the parent kid relationship. Choosing to let a kid to prosecute a method that has the potency for injury is a bad struggle direction technique and a hapless parenting technique that could hold black effects. The day-to-day struggles that occur between people in the kingdom of client service frequently result in either the laterality manner or the via media manner and non so much of any other type. If there is a dissension about a measure sometimes the seller will fall back to compromise in order to acquire their demands met while still keeping a positive client relationship. However, if for case the client is returning something that is faulty they will use a laterality type of declaration to the situation- I will non accept faulty goods and hence will take a firm stand upon winning the struggle. In this type of state of affairs the seller has no pick but to lose, because the effects of seeking to win are more than probably non worth it. People don’t and won’t wage for points that don’t work or that are faulty, it is built-in in the relationship of the parties involved. More frequently than non parties will seek to decide struggle in a manner that leaves everyone in a just place. You have clients that refuse to pass on and really project their interior struggle or even their latent struggle with others into new state of affairss and in state of affairss like this via media is seldom reached. Compromise requires both parties to be every bit realistic as possible and to be unfastened plenty to seeing both sides of the apple when seeking to run into their demands. I have found that the via media technique is about ever the best manner to manage personal struggle. It maintains the relationship and still allows you to be able to run into the bulk of your demands and leaves both parties in the place of being willing to cover with one another at a hereafter day of the month. Dangerous Half Truths About Pull offing Peoples and Organizations. Pfeffer, J. , A ; Sutton, R. ( 2007 ) . Do Fiscal Incentives Drive Company Performance. InDifficult Facts, Dangerous Half-Truths, and Entire Nonesense Profiting from Evidence-Based Management.Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard Business School Press. Turkajl, Z. , Fosic, I. , A ; Dujak, D. ( n.d. ) . Conflict Managment In Organziation.J.J. Stossmeyer University Economics Department, pp. 505-516.

Jean â€Michel Basquiat

Jean –Michel Basquiat Jean –Michel Basquiat was a renowned artist for his excellence artistic work. By the age of twenty seven years, he was well known as a graffiti artist and an innovative painter. He is remembered for his loose and unencumbered painterly graphic style that was commonly linked with street art that greatly became very famous in 1980s. He professionally employed his artistic genius to articulate his subject matter that pertained to race, culture and heritage by the use of imagery, iconography and text.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jean –Michel Basquiat specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More . Jean-Michel Basquiat was successful to become a great artist at such an early age despite his poor upbringing and education background. His success is attributed to the ability of his mother and teachers to identify his artistic talent at an early age and supported him according. When his mother realized that his son was a very talented artist he took him into Manhattan to see art and then enrolled him as a junior member of Brooklyn Museum of Art where he familiarized himself to various artistic disciplines and practices. Despite his work being not greatly studied, Basquiat was very talented and purposely assembled through his art a host of desperate traditions, practices and styles to come up with a unique form of visual collage, one originating partly from his urban origin and also from a more distant African –Caribbean heritage (The Art Story Foundation). Brooklyn-based artist Lorna Simpson is another renowned artist of the 1980s. Her artistic style is demonstrated with her provocative photographic works that are mostly composed of isolated details of human figure or objects with fragments of text. Her artwork addresses issues such as racial, gender, violence and the notions of the body and interpersonal communication and relationships. Her art reflects back about the slavery era and discri mination of the African-Americans, but in a different perspective that gives them some hope that anything is possible. Her cotemporary imagery involves taking back the power and building a new African –American position or women position for the Americans. Her art evokes some element of sadness, but accompanied by a sense of progress in terms of independence from the chains of memory (The City Review Inc (2007). Willem de Kooning was another famous American artist whose artistic work is even currently cerebrated. Willem de Kooning artistic work employed various styles at various stages in his life. He started by concentrating in realism and geometric art which he mastered before exploring other alternatives which he equally perfected. He developed his first woman painting in 1950. His paintings were characterized with enlarged body parts such as enlarged breasts which raised a lot of scandal at first. He also worked on abstract landscapes particularly between 1957 -1961. He r eceived the greatest artistic distinction award in 1964. He was regarded as a leading exponent abstract expressionism. His life featured numerous demonstrations of his artistic works and retrospectives that featured duality of traditional figuration and gestural painting. Willem de Kooning was also known for the action painting that was often referred as gesture abstraction.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is a style of painting that involves splashing, smearing or spontaneously dribbling paints onto the canvas rather than applying it carefully. The resultant effect emphasized the physical act of painting as being very important element and particularly to the fished work. Later in life he moved from painting and started sculpturing which he also did very effectively (Answer.com 2011). Reference List Answer.com (2011).Willem de Kooning. Retrieved from https://www.a nswers.com/ The Art Story Foundation (2011).Jean –Michel Basquiat. Retrieved from https://www.theartstory.org/artist-basquiat-jean-michel.htm The City Review Inc (2007). The Photographic and Film/Video Art of Lorna Simpson.

Free Essays on After The First Death

Book Notes Title: After The First Death Author: Robert Cormier Date Started: 02/06/00 Date Ended: 03/06/00 The Characters: a) Main Characters Miro: Miro is a teen-age terrorist that came from another country know, in the story, as their â€Å"Homeland†. Even Miro himself is uncertain of his age because during the training (Or as they call it, school) age is not important. Te training is preparing them for terrorism. Miro is feeling less and has learned not to give in to the call of nature. For example: Things such as hunger, Restroom needs and most important sleep and tiredness. In the story Miro is a doubtful teen looking for action. Artkin: Artkin is a very dark and dangerous man. He rescued Miro and his brother from the refugee camps and took them to the school. Artkin is very educated in the sense of terrorism. He taught Miro everything he knows and is the leader of that specific team of â€Å"Freedom Fighters†. His age and Identity is also unknown Kate: Kate is the victim of the hijacking of the bus. She thinks that all of the terrorists are monsters and don't deserve to live. Kate has red hair and has freckles. She also has a very weak bladder and often urinates uncontrollably. Miro thinks that most American boys would find her to be attractive. Ben: Be is the son of one of the head generals that are apart of the operation on stopping these terrorists. Later in the story Ben is the one who is chosen to deliver a message to the terrorist and doing so he barely escapes death. Because of that Ben and his father haven't spoken for months and maybe even years. Also because Ben told all the information to the terrorists he could no longer live with himself so he committed suicide. There was no real description of Ben because the story was told from his point of view. Mark: Mark is bens father who feels guilty for forcing Ben to deliver a message to the terrorists and as a result Ben kills him self. At the end Ben and his father has a very... Free Essays on After The First Death Free Essays on After The First Death Book Notes Title: After The First Death Author: Robert Cormier Date Started: 02/06/00 Date Ended: 03/06/00 The Characters: a) Main Characters Miro: Miro is a teen-age terrorist that came from another country know, in the story, as their â€Å"Homeland†. Even Miro himself is uncertain of his age because during the training (Or as they call it, school) age is not important. Te training is preparing them for terrorism. Miro is feeling less and has learned not to give in to the call of nature. For example: Things such as hunger, Restroom needs and most important sleep and tiredness. In the story Miro is a doubtful teen looking for action. Artkin: Artkin is a very dark and dangerous man. He rescued Miro and his brother from the refugee camps and took them to the school. Artkin is very educated in the sense of terrorism. He taught Miro everything he knows and is the leader of that specific team of â€Å"Freedom Fighters†. His age and Identity is also unknown Kate: Kate is the victim of the hijacking of the bus. She thinks that all of the terrorists are monsters and don't deserve to live. Kate has red hair and has freckles. She also has a very weak bladder and often urinates uncontrollably. Miro thinks that most American boys would find her to be attractive. Ben: Be is the son of one of the head generals that are apart of the operation on stopping these terrorists. Later in the story Ben is the one who is chosen to deliver a message to the terrorist and doing so he barely escapes death. Because of that Ben and his father haven't spoken for months and maybe even years. Also because Ben told all the information to the terrorists he could no longer live with himself so he committed suicide. There was no real description of Ben because the story was told from his point of view. Mark: Mark is bens father who feels guilty for forcing Ben to deliver a message to the terrorists and as a result Ben kills him self. At the end Ben and his father has a very...